日本語１３２ L10 Noun Modifying Clauses

今日は　何曜日ですか

 

今週の週末　何か　たのしいことをしますか

 

Japan Studies Student Leaders (JSSL) 

presents the 10th Annual

Sakura Matsuri (Cherry Blossom Festival)　

いつ？土曜日　Saturday　 April 7, 2018　

何時から何時まで？　12:00-5:00pm　

どこ？　学生会館　Cat Cavern, UC 2nd Floor　

何？

We will have a variety of festival-themed

--games and activities,

--musical performances,

--mochi pounding, and

--Japanese food, such as

--karaage (チキン)

--okonomiyaki and

--dango (dumpling)　

 

ぜひ、さくらまつり　へ　行って下さい！！

Review:

何を　するのが　上手　ですか　

何を　するのが　たのしい　ですか　

日本語を　べんきょうする　

りょうこうする　

かんじを　書く

 

p. 406 Grammar IV - Verb Modifying Vlauses

See long list p. 406. Note, all the modifiers are placed in front of or before the Noun.

In both English and Japanese, we have the practice of modifying Nouns with Adjectives that come before or in front of the Noun:

Big House = 大きい家

Small book = 小さい本

[Of course, we can also say,

"That House is Big" = その家は　大きい　です

but that is a different sentence strtucture. We are talking here about "Pre-Noun Modifying Clauses" and we are learning how to incorporate Verb Phrases into them.]

 

The list on p. 406 where it lists up all the pre-noun modifying patterns we have studied so far which consist of:

い-Adjectives,

な-Adjectives,

Nouns with の, etc.

 

For example N1 + の + N2　

ブロンドのかみ　

私しのペン　

私しの友だちの家　

OR, we might have a な Adjective modifying a Noun like

きれいな家

And of course, we love い Adjectives because we don't need anything between them and the Noun:

いい　先生

小さい　くつ　

ながい　かみ

 

But note how how the last 4 exmples are a little different...They are VERB PHRASES.

SO, what do we have to do when we use a Verb phrase to modify a Noun?

--Well, first, the Verb has to be in the Plain form;

--Second, like, い Adjectives, we do not require anything between the plain form of the Verb and the Noun:

日本語が分かる　人 =

The person who understands Japanese

あそこに　いる学生　= The student who is over there;

 

So in Japanese we are saying, in effect,

"The understands Japanese PERSON"

"The over there STUDENT."

Which keeps the modifying verb phrase in front of the Noun.

So, pre-noun modification is really much more consistent in Japanese. It is English that is strange.

To say new student, we say 新しい学生, the same word order as in English, i.e., the modification comes BEFORE THE NOUN, e.g.

BIG HOUSE, LITTLE DOG, etc.

大きい家、小さい　いぬ

But to say," the student who is reading a book," in English we have placed the Modification AFTER THE NOUN; but in Japanese we can still say,

"The Reading a book Student" or

本を 読んでいる 学生

Likewise, the student who will go to Japan =

日本へ行く学生

The person wearing a hat

ぼうしを かぶってる 人

In English, we don't say

"The hat wearing person" or

"The will go to Japan student"

 

On the kanji quiz for L.9 I had the short sentence:

あした来る人は　田中さんです　

Which some figured out but what we have here is a verb 来る in a Pre-Noun Modifying position modifying 人.

Just by itself, 来る人 means something =

The person who comes or will come.

We started with an indication of when あした so it becomes =

"The person who will come tomorrow," and then we made that the topic with a は, and then created the predicate = 田中さんです "is Tanaka-san."

So, あした来る人は　田中さんです　=

The Perspn who will come tomorrow is Tanaka-san.

 

This is exactly what L. 10, Grammanr Point IV is all about: how to create and use these Verb Phrases which modify a noun.

The issue is that in English, we do not have the flexibilty to say "The will come tomorrow person," or "The over there PERSON" [あそこ に いる 人] or

"The ice-cream eating child."

アイスクリームを　食べている　子ども

Instead, we have to get all convuluted and use words like who, that, which and make this part of the utterance come AFTER the noun, not before or in front of it. So we say something like

"The child who is eating ice cream." Japanese seems much cooler because we CAN just say

"The ice-cream eating child."

How neat is that?

 

Let's try some:

Have these verb Phrases below modify Nouns like

人、学生、男の人、女の人、先生、子 or　子ども, etc.

 

The guy (Male, 男の人) who is wearing jeans

The_____who is Eating ice cream

The 学生 who is studying Chemistry, Japanese, Chinese, History,

The 女の人 who is Talking with sensei

The ____ who is (Now) Living in Lausanne/Matthews/Kaneko/Baxter

The 三年生 who is Studying in Japan now

The_____who Will study in Japan next year

The_____who is Reading a textbook

The_____who is Writing an email

 

Continue with:

Drinking coffee at the Bistro--->person, student

Reading a newspaper/magazine--->female

Eating lunch at Kaneko Café----> students

The wearing a

necklace/jacket/jeans, T-shirt/blouse/dress/necktie/earrings--->person

Will watch a movie this evening

Will go to see kabuki this week/Japanese movie

Will have lunch at Goudy tomorrow

 

We can make these past tense, too:

Went to Portland last week

Did homework last night

Was doing homework last nite

Watched TV last nite

Was watching TV last nite

 

See Activity 1 e.g.

Sato-san is the guy wearing a suit

Kondo-san is the woman.....

Kimura-san is the woman wearing..... etc.

 

Activity 3 Wander around the classroom and see how many students:

Live in Dorms りょうに　すんでいる

Have an Older sister お姉さんが　いる

Have a Younger sister 妹さんが　いる

Are an Only child 一人っ子　だ

Are good at Sports スポーツが上手

Understand Spanish　スペイン語が　分かる

 

 

Instructions